Members Latbear4blk Posted August 18, 2020 Members Posted August 18, 2020 (edited) Plane cabins could change dramatically because of the pandemic. Here’s how. Edited August 18, 2020 by Latbear4blk flipao 1 Quote
AdamSmith Posted August 20, 2020 Posted August 20, 2020 On 8/18/2020 at 3:18 PM, Latbear4blk said: Plane cabins could change dramatically because of the pandemic. Here’s how. Per me si va ne la città dolente, per me si va ne l'etterno dolore, per me si va tra la perduta gente. Giustizia mosse il mio alto fattore: fecemi la divina potestate, la somma sapienza e 'l primo amore. Dinanzi a me non fuor cose create se non etterne, e io etterno duro. Lasciate ogni speranza, voi ch'entrate. https://en.m.wikiquote.org/wiki/Divine_Comedy Quote
Members Latbear4blk Posted August 20, 2020 Author Members Posted August 20, 2020 LOL. I guess we will fly for ever in circles. AdamSmith 1 Quote
Members JKane Posted August 20, 2020 Members Posted August 20, 2020 Eh, these things don't happen quickly. Latbear4blk 1 Quote
Members Latbear4blk Posted August 20, 2020 Author Members Posted August 20, 2020 17 hours ago, JKane said: Eh, these things don't happen quickly. Well, there is something that happens quickly: sir @AdamSmith's free association. In Adams' universe there is just one heart bit from post pandemic new seating in planes to Dante's Medieval's nightmares. AdamSmith 1 Quote
AdamSmith Posted August 21, 2020 Posted August 21, 2020 2 hours ago, Latbear4blk said: Well, there is something that happens quickly: sir @AdamSmith's free association. In Adams' universe there is just one heart bit from post pandemic new seating in planes to Dante's Medieval's nightmares. The world is going up in flames. Yet again. Don't get me started on the other one. Paradise Lost by John Milton Summary The ‘books’ are what we would think of as chapters or sections. The whole book is an epic poem – which is a long story told in verse form. The poem is written in blank verse, or lines of unrhymed iambic pentameter, and is over 10,000 lines long. Milton had become blind by the time he composed much of this poem and so dictated it to different scribes including his daughter, Deborah. The poem is a retelling of the story of Adam and Eve from the biblical book of Genesis which describes the creation of Heaven and Earth and of Adam and Eve. This poem fleshes out this story and imagines the couple’s reactions to the events that led to them being expelled from the Garden of Eden (or Paradise). Analysis The poem opens with the lines: "Of Man’s First Disobedience, and the Fruit Of that Forbidden Tree, whose mortal taste Brought Death into the World, and all our woe." And in doing so it briefs the reader about the whole plot of the epic tale it is about to relate. The ‘first disobedience’ comes about when the devil, in the form of a serpent, tempts Eve to take and eat some fruit from the Tree of Knowledge. Eve then tells Adam what she has done and he too tastes the forbidden fruit. This episode is so well-known that the phrase ‘forbidden fruit’ is widely used in society to refer to something tempting which is often morally dubious. Many people assume that that fruit was an apple, and like other writers before him, Milton calls the ‘fatal fruit’ in Book 9 an apple, but the Bible itself doesn’t name the type of fruit. A key aspect of Paradise Lost is that Milton does not portray the couple’s decision to eat the fruit as inevitable. Instead, it shows that the couple exercised their free will. While Eve was seduced by the serpent, she still chose to eat the fruit, as did Adam in turn. The couple had the power to rule over everything on Earth with the only caveat that this particular fruit was out of bounds, and God expected this rule to be kept on trust as a sign of their obedience to Him. This is key because, as the poem states, Milton wanted to use the events to demonstrate the ‘ways of God’ to people. The poem illustrates how He considered Adam and Eve to have within themselves the capacity to withstand temptation, but that they chose not to. This decision is known as ‘the fall’ because it is the moment when the couple – and all their descendants – fell from God’s grace. As well as telling the story of Adam and Eve and the Fall, the poem also narrates the story of Satan. Also known as Lucifer, Satan was a fallen angel who was banished to Hell. After his expulsion, the devil famously claims that ‘it is better to reign in hell than to serve in Heaven’. Milton coined the name Pandemonium for the capital of Hell. Satan’s motivation to lead Adam and Eve into sin is part of his scheme to extract revenge on God for his banishment. While living in innocence in Eden, Adam and Eve had the pleasurable task of tending the garden – the reason the clown in William Shakespeare’s play Hamlet comments that,‘There is no ancient gentleman but gardeners, ditchers, and grave-makers: they hold up Adam's profession’ (5.1). After the Fall, however, the son of God is sent to Earth to mete out punishments. Adam is told that henceforth he will have to toil in backbreaking labour on the land to grow food. Eve’s punishments include that she will ‘bring forth in sorrow’ or experience pain in childbirth. The ultimate consequence of the Fall is that it brings death to Earth. Book 10 ends with Adam and Eve prostrate on the ground, their tears watering the earth as, full of remorse, they beg for forgiveness. This is the moment in the poem when the couple show that they have learnt from their actions and want to make amends. Key themes Theme Description Sin In the poem Eve breaks God’s ban on eating the fruit from the Tree of Knowledge. Punishment God expels Adam and Eve from Paradise as a result of their actions; he also makes Adam work hard to farm difficult land to produce food and that Eve will suffer pain in childbirth from now on. Temptation Adam and Eve have free will and were trusted to keep God’s commands. Resources The Bible: The website Biblegateway allows users to search for any biblical phrase in all the main versions of the Bible. The British Library has some images from the 1667 edition of Paradise Lost. ‘Luminarium’ is a literary hub and has a page of Milton resources.https://www.lboro.ac.uk/subjects/english/undergraduate/study-guides/paradise-lost/#:~:text=%22Of%20Man's%20First%20Disobedience%2C%20and,%2C%20and%20all%20our%20woe.%22 Websites such as Sparknotes provide an overview of the poem and its contexts. https://www.lboro.ac.uk/subjects/english/undergraduate/study-guides/paradise-lost/#:~:text=%22Of%20Man's%20First%20Disobedience%2C%20and,%2C%20and%20all%20our%20woe.%22 Quote
AdamSmith Posted August 21, 2020 Posted August 21, 2020 7 minutes ago, AdamSmith said: The world is going up in flames. Yet again. Don't get me started on the other one. Paradise Lost by John Milton Summary The ‘books’ are what we would think of as chapters or sections. The whole book is an epic poem – which is a long story told in verse form. The poem is written in blank verse, or lines of unrhymed iambic pentameter, and is over 10,000 lines long. Milton had become blind by the time he composed much of this poem and so dictated it to different scribes including his daughter, Deborah. The poem is a retelling of the story of Adam and Eve from the biblical book of Genesis which describes the creation of Heaven and Earth and of Adam and Eve. This poem fleshes out this story and imagines the couple’s reactions to the events that led to them being expelled from the Garden of Eden (or Paradise). Analysis The poem opens with the lines: "Of Man’s First Disobedience, and the Fruit Of that Forbidden Tree, whose mortal taste Brought Death into the World, and all our woe." And in doing so it briefs the reader about the whole plot of the epic tale it is about to relate. The ‘first disobedience’ comes about when the devil, in the form of a serpent, tempts Eve to take and eat some fruit from the Tree of Knowledge. Eve then tells Adam what she has done and he too tastes the forbidden fruit. This episode is so well-known that the phrase ‘forbidden fruit’ is widely used in society to refer to something tempting which is often morally dubious. Many people assume that that fruit was an apple, and like other writers before him, Milton calls the ‘fatal fruit’ in Book 9 an apple, but the Bible itself doesn’t name the type of fruit. A key aspect of Paradise Lost is that Milton does not portray the couple’s decision to eat the fruit as inevitable. Instead, it shows that the couple exercised their free will. While Eve was seduced by the serpent, she still chose to eat the fruit, as did Adam in turn. The couple had the power to rule over everything on Earth with the only caveat that this particular fruit was out of bounds, and God expected this rule to be kept on trust as a sign of their obedience to Him. This is key because, as the poem states, Milton wanted to use the events to demonstrate the ‘ways of God’ to people. The poem illustrates how He considered Adam and Eve to have within themselves the capacity to withstand temptation, but that they chose not to. This decision is known as ‘the fall’ because it is the moment when the couple – and all their descendants – fell from God’s grace. As well as telling the story of Adam and Eve and the Fall, the poem also narrates the story of Satan. Also known as Lucifer, Satan was a fallen angel who was banished to Hell. After his expulsion, the devil famously claims that ‘it is better to reign in hell than to serve in Heaven’. Milton coined the name Pandemonium for the capital of Hell. Satan’s motivation to lead Adam and Eve into sin is part of his scheme to extract revenge on God for his banishment. While living in innocence in Eden, Adam and Eve had the pleasurable task of tending the garden – the reason the clown in William Shakespeare’s play Hamlet comments that,‘There is no ancient gentleman but gardeners, ditchers, and grave-makers: they hold up Adam's profession’ (5.1). After the Fall, however, the son of God is sent to Earth to mete out punishments. Adam is told that henceforth he will have to toil in backbreaking labour on the land to grow food. Eve’s punishments include that she will ‘bring forth in sorrow’ or experience pain in childbirth. The ultimate consequence of the Fall is that it brings death to Earth. Book 10 ends with Adam and Eve prostrate on the ground, their tears watering the earth as, full of remorse, they beg for forgiveness. This is the moment in the poem when the couple show that they have learnt from their actions and want to make amends. Key themes Theme Description Sin In the poem Eve breaks God’s ban on eating the fruit from the Tree of Knowledge. Punishment God expels Adam and Eve from Paradise as a result of their actions; he also makes Adam work hard to farm difficult land to produce food and that Eve will suffer pain in childbirth from now on. Temptation Adam and Eve have free will and were trusted to keep God’s commands. Resources The Bible: The website Biblegateway allows users to search for any biblical phrase in all the main versions of the Bible. The British Library has some images from the 1667 edition of Paradise Lost. ‘Luminarium’ is a literary hub and has a page of Milton resources.https://www.lboro.ac.uk/subjects/english/undergraduate/study-guides/paradise-lost/#:~:text=%22Of%20Man's%20First%20Disobedience%2C%20and,%2C%20and%20all%20our%20woe.%22 Websites such as Sparknotes provide an overview of the poem and its contexts. https://www.lboro.ac.uk/subjects/english/undergraduate/study-guides/paradise-lost/#:~:text=%22Of%20Man's%20First%20Disobedience%2C%20and,%2C%20and%20all%20our%20woe.%22 Quote https://www.amazon.com/World-Turned-Upside-Down-Revolution/dp/0140137327 Quote
AdamSmith Posted August 21, 2020 Posted August 21, 2020 23 hours ago, Latbear4blk said: LOL. I guess we will fly for ever in circles. remark has infinite levels of meaning. sourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Malebolge" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) In Dante Alighieri's Inferno, part of the Divine Comedy, Malebolge (/mælˈboʊldʒ/) is the eighth circle of Hell. Roughly translated from Italian, Malebolge means "evil ditches". Malebolge is a large, funnel-shaped cavern, itself divided into ten concentric circular trenches or ditches. Each trench is called a bolgia (Italian for "pouch" or "ditch"). Long causeway bridges run from the outer circumference of Malebolge to its center, pictured as spokes on a wheel. At the center of Malebolge is the ninth and final circle of hell. Contents 1Overview 2The Malebranche 3The Ten Bolgias 4Sources and external links Overview[edit] In Dante’s version of hell, categories of sin are punished in different circles, with the depth of the circle (and placement within that circle) symbolic of the amount of punishment to be inflicted. Sinners placed in the upper circles of hell are given relatively minor punishments, while sinners in the depths of hell endure far greater torments. As the eighth of nine circles, Malebolge is one of the worst places in hell to be. In it, sinners guilty of "simple" fraud are punished (that is, fraud that is committed without particularly malicious intent, whereas malicious or "compound" fraud—fraud which goes against bond of love, blood, honor, or the bond of hospitality—would be punished in the ninth circle). Sinners of this category include counterfeiters, hypocrites, grafters, seducers, sorcerers and simonists. Dante and his guide, Virgil, make their way into Malebolge by riding on the back of the monster Geryon, the personification of fraud, who possesses the face of an honest man 'good of cheer,' but the tail of a scorpion, who flies them down through the yawning chasm that separates the eighth circle from the seventh circle, where the violent are punished. Dante and Virgil plan on crossing Malebolge by way of the system of bridges, but find their path disturbed by many broken ledges and collapsed bridges that were destroyed during the Harrowing of Hell. They must then cross some of the bolgias on foot and even rely on demons to guide them. Eventually, they make it to the inner ledge where after a brief look at the giants, the babbling Nimrod to the hostile Ephialtes and heavily chained Briareus, Virgil convinces the giant Antaeus to lower them down to the ninth circle's frozen lake, Cocytus. The Malebranche[edit] The Malebranche threaten Virgil and Dante in the fifth Bolgia, portrayed by Gustave Doré. Main article: Malebranche (Divine Comedy) Thirteen demons known as the Malebranche, "Evil Claws", guard the fifth bolgia of the Malebolge. Their leader is Malacoda ("evil tail"), while the others are Scarmiglione ("ruffle-haired"), Barbariccia ("curly beard"), Alichino (derived from Arlecchino, the harlequin), Calcabrina ("one who walks on the frost"), Cagnazzo ("bad dog"), Libicocco (a possible mix of libeccio and sirocco), Draghignazzo (maybe from drago, "dragon", and sghignazzo, "guffaw"), Ciriatto (possibly "little pork"), Graffiacane ("scratch dog"), Farfarello (possibly "goblin"), Rubicante (possibly "red" or "rabid"), and a thirteenth Malebranche who was never named in the text. They try to trick Virgil and Dante by telling them of a path which does not really exist. The Ten Bolgias[edit] The ten ditches of the Malebolge, in descending order, are listed thus: Bolgia One: Panderers and Seducers are punished here. They are forced to march, single file around the circumference of their circle, constantly lashed by horned demons. Bolgia Two: Sinners guilty of excessive flattery are punished in this bolgia, immersed forever in a river of human excrement, similar to what their flatteries were. Bolgia Three: Simoniacs are punished here. They are turned upside down in large baptismal fonts cut into the rock, with their feet set ablaze by oily fires. The heat of the flames burns according to the guilt of the sinner. Bolgia Four: Astrologers, seers, sorcerers and others who attempted to pervert God’s laws to divine the future are punished here. Their heads have been twisted around to face backwards, and thus they are forced to walk backwards around the circumference of their circle for all eternity. Bolgia Five: Grafters (speculators, extortionists, blackmailers and unscrupulous businessmen: sinners who used their positions in life to gain personal wealth or other advantages for themselves) are punished by being thrown into a river of boiling pitch and tar. In addition, should any of the grafters try to escape the pitch, a horde of demons ("Malebranche", meaning "evil claws") armed with grappling hooks and barbs stands guard over them, ready to tear them to pieces. Bolgia Six: Hypocrites are punished in this circle. They are forced to wear heavy lead robes as they walk around the circumference of their circle. The robes are golden and resemble a monk’s cowl but are lined with heavy lead, symbolically representing hypocrisy. Also, Caiaphas, the Pharisee who insisted on the execution of Jesus, is crucified in this circle, staked to the ground so that the ranks of the lead-weighted hypocrites march across him. Bolgia Seven: This bolgia houses the souls of thieves. The bolgia is also filled with serpents, dragons and other vengeful reptiles that torture the thieves endlessly. The bites of some of the snakes cause the thieves to spontaneously combust, only to regenerate their bodies for further torment in a few moments. They are pursued by the monstrous fiery Cacus. Other thieves are denied human forms and appear as reptiles themselves, and can only assume their true shape if they steal a human shape from another sinner; this involves a very painful transformation for both souls involved. Bolgia Eight: In this trench, the souls of Deceivers who gave false or corrupted advice to others for personal benefit are punished. They are constantly ablaze, appearing as nothing so much as living, speaking tongues of flame. Bolgia Nine: Sinners who, in life, promoted scandals, schism, and discord are punished here; particularly those who caused schism within the church or within politics. They are forced to walk around the circumference of the circle bearing horrible, disfiguring wounds inflicted on them by a great demon with a sword. The nature of the wound mirrors the sins of the particular soul; while some only have gashes, or fingers and toes cut off, others are decapitated, cut in half (as schismatics), or are completely disemboweled. Among those who are tormented here is Bertran de Born, alleged agitator of the Revolt of 1173–74, who carries around his severed head like a lantern. Bolgia Ten: Falsifiers, those who attempted to alter things through lies or alchemy, or those who tried to pass off false things as real things, such as counterfeiters of coins, are punished here. This bolgia has four subdivisions where specific classes of falsifiers (alchemists, impostors, counterfeiters, and liars) endure different degrees of punishment based on horrible, consumptive diseases such as rashes, dropsy, leprosy and consumption. The lower edge of Malebolge is guarded by a ring of titans and earth giants, many of whom are chained in place as punishment for their rebellion against God. Beyond and below the giants lies Cocytus, hell's final depth. Sources and external links[edit] Allen Mandelbaum's translation of the Inferno, published by the University of California Press in 1980 "Dante's Inferno: Circle 8" summary at the University of Texas hide v t e Dante's Divine Comedy Characters and locations Inferno Acheron Alichino Barbariccia Ciampolo Cocytus Dis Ugolino della Gherardesca Malacoda Paolo Malatesta Malebranche Malebolge Minos Odysseus Phlegethon Francesca da Rimini Satan Scarmiglione Styx Virgil Purgatorio Cato the Younger Forese Donati Eunoe Beatrice Portinari Statius Paradiso Adam Thomas Aquinas Bernard of Clairvaux Bonaventure Cacciaguida Charles Martel of Anjou David Empyrean Justinian I Peter Lombard Piccarda Verses "Papé Satàn, papé Satàn aleppe" "Raphèl mai amècche zabì almi" Adaptations Classical music Après une Lecture de Dante: Fantasia quasi Sonata (Liszt, 1849) Dante Symphony (Liszt, 1857) Francesca da Rimini (Tchaikovsky, 1876) Francesca da Rimini (Rachmaninoff, 1904) Francesca da Rimini (Zandonai, 1914) Gianni Schicchi (Puccini, 1918) The Divine Comedy (Smith, 1996) Paintings The Barque of Dante (Delacroix, 1822) The Wood of the Self-Murderers: The Harpies and the Suicides (Blake, 1827) Francesca da Rimini and Paolo Malatesta Appraised by Dante and Virgil (Scheffer, 1835) Dante in Hell (Flandrin, 1835) The Barque of Dante (1850s, Manet) Pia de' Tolomei (Rossetti, 1868) Paolo and Francesca da Rimini (Rossetti, 1885) La barca de Aqueronte (Hidalgo, 1887) La Laguna Estigia (Hidalgo, 1887) Sculptures The Kiss (Rodin, 1882) The Thinker (Rodin, 1904) The Gates of Hell (Rodin, 1917) Architecture Danteum (Terragni, 1938) Modern music Inferno (1973 album) "Dante's Inferno" (1995 song) Dante XXI (2006 album) A Place Where the Sun Is Silent (2011 album) Film L'Inferno (1911) Dante's Inferno (1924) Dante's Inferno (1935) The Dante Quartet (1987) A TV Dante (1989) Dante's Inferno (2007) Dante's Inferno: An Animated Epic (2010) Dante's Hell Animated (2013) Literature The Story of Rimini (1816) La Comédie humaine (1830–1850) Earth Inferno (1905) The Cantos (1917–1962) As I Was Going Down Sackville Street (1937) The System of Dante's Hell (1965) Demon Lord Dante (1971) Inferno (1976) The Dante Club (2003) Jimbo's Inferno (2006) Inferno (2013) Video games Tamashii no Mon (1994) Devil May Cry series (2001) Bayonetta (2009) Dante's Inferno (2010) The Lost (cancelled) Related Cultural references in Divina Commedia Dante Alighieri and the Divine Comedy in popular culture English translations Divine Comedy Illustrated by Botticelli Botticelli Inferno, 2016 documentary Hell in popular culture Category Categories: Divine Comedy Afterlife Hell (Christianity) Navigation menu Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history Search Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version Languages Català Español Français Bahasa Indonesia Italiano Edit links This page was last edited on 10 May 2019, at 10:02 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. Latbear4blk 1 Quote
Members Latbear4blk Posted August 21, 2020 Author Members Posted August 21, 2020 28 minutes ago, AdamSmith said: remark has infinite levels of meaning. I was afraid that my troglodyte English would not express it, but I am glad that at least you got it. AdamSmith 1 Quote
AdamSmith Posted August 21, 2020 Posted August 21, 2020 1 hour ago, Latbear4blk said: I was afraid that my troglodyte English would not express it, but I am glad that at least you got it. You apologize for this too much. Your deep comprehension of every language you know— and of the thoughts expressed therein — you know are a joy to me. Latbear4blk 1 Quote
Members tassojunior Posted August 21, 2020 Members Posted August 21, 2020 The twins visa extensions are expiring and we've decided they need to get home to Europe for a bit, even if they could get another extension. They assumed I'd be flying back with them but I don't have a European passport (trying). So I can't travel to a place that has much less covid than here and much better medical care and hospitals. I guess otherwise there'd be covid tourism. This vaccine needs to hurry TF up and they need to allow transit with tests now. Quote
Members Latbear4blk Posted August 23, 2020 Author Members Posted August 23, 2020 What Travel Will Look Like After Coronavirus Wall St Journal https://www.wsj.com/video/what-to-expect-when-flying-now-and-in-the-future/1642FDF2-1C58-4833-8511-563BBB138A3D.html <iframe allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" width="512" height="288" src="https://video-api.wsj.com/api-video/player/v3/iframe.html?guid=9CA6790B-B183-4194-8EBB-DD418A14AC6E"></iframe> Quote
